Which combination correctly describes the structures that form the portal triad?

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The structures forming the portal triad are the main portal vein, the hepatic artery proper, and the bile duct within the hepatoduodenal ligament at the porta hepatis. The bile duct present in this region is the common hepatic duct before it joins with the cystic duct to form the common bile duct, so pairing the main portal vein, the proper hepatic artery, and the common hepatic duct best represents the triad. The cystic duct is not part of the triad, and using the left hepatic artery rather than the proper hepatic artery would not accurately describe the vascular component of the triad.