Which two structures contribute to the portal triad walls and hyperechogenicity on ultrasound?

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The walls of the portal triad are formed by a fibrous sheath that surrounds the bile duct, hepatic artery, and portal vein, and this sheath comes from two main structures: a fibrofatty layer around the portal tracts and Glisson's capsule. The fibrofatty sheath adds fat and fibrous tissue around the triad, which increases echogenicity on ultrasound, making the walls appear brighter. Glisson's capsule is the liver’s connective tissue capsule that extends and envelopes the portal triads, providing additional fibrous tissue around the triad walls. Together, these two components create the characteristic hyperechoic walls of the portal triad seen on ultrasound. The hepatic veins are not part of the portal triad and don’t define its walls or their echogenicity.